以下是一个例题：

原句：From a plant's evolutionary view point, however, it was also a land of opportunity, free of competitors, and predator and full of carbon dioxide and sunlight (the raw materials for photosynthesis, which are present in far higher concentrations in air than in water).

句子分析：背景是植物的进化，由水生进化为陆生。句子主干为“it was also a land of opportunity”，其中这个“机会之地”具体体现在两方面，其一，“没有竞争者捕食者“，其二，“有充足的二氧化碳和阳光”，括号里解释了为什么二氧化碳和阳光多就好，因为这俩是光合作用的原材料。

翻译：然而，从植物进化的角度来看，这还是一片充满机会的土地，没有竞争者和捕食者，并且有充足的二氧化碳和阳光（光合作用的原材料，它们在空气中的含量远比在水中的高）。

选项:

A. Terrestrial plants had the advantages of not having rivals and having easy access to photosynthetic material.

B. The abundance of photosynthetic material made life on land easier for

pioneering plants.

C. Once plants had eliminated their competitors and their predators, their

evolutionary process proceeded smoothly.

D. Plant evolution eliminated competitors and made the process of photosynthesis more efficient.

选项分析：

A. 正确选项，因为它准确地概括了原句的内容，提到了陆生植物没有竞争对手和容易获得光合作用材料的优势。

B. 该选项只提到了光合作用材料的丰富性使先驱植物在陆地上的生活变得更加容易，但没有提及没有竞争对手的优势。

C. “Once”表示一旦，意味着这是一个条件关系，但原句中并没有体现这种逻辑关系。

D. 该选项说植物进化消除了竞争对手并使光合作用过程更加高效，与原句的意思相差甚远。

原句：Escape involves such actions as aestivation, a condition of prolonged dormancy, or torpor, during which animals reduce their metabolic rate and body temperature during the hot season or during very dry spells.

句子分析：这句话的主语是“Escape”，谓语是“involves”，宾语是“such actions as aestivation”。其中，“aestivation”后面跟着一个同位语，对其进行了解释说明。整句话的意思是，逃离包括像夏眠这样的行为，夏眠是一种延长的休眠或迟钝状态，在这个期间，动物会在炎热的季节或非常干燥的时期降低它们的代谢率和体温。

翻译：逃离包括像夏眠这样的行为，夏眠是一种延长的休眠或迟钝状态，在这个期间，动物会在炎热的季节或非常干燥的时期降低它们的新陈代谢速率和体温。

选项:

A. One way animals escape is by entering a state of extended dormancy, known as aestivation,during the hottest and driest times of year.

B. Animals can escape without using direct action, or aestivation,simply by reducing their metabolic rate and body temperature.

C. The actions that an animal uses to escape are known as aestivation, which sometimes involves a reduction in metabolic rate or body temperature.

D. When the weather is especially hot and dry, an animal may suffer from a condition known as aestivation, at which point the animal needs to escape.

选项分析：

A. 一种动物逃离的方式是进入一种被称为夏眠的延长休眠状态，在一年中最热和最干燥的时候。该选项准确地传达了原文的意思，是正确选项。

B. 动物可以通过不使用直接行动（夏眠）来逃离，仅仅通过降低它们的新陈代谢速率和体温。该选项与原文不符，原文强调的是夏眠是逃离的一种行为。

C. 动物用来逃离的行为被称为夏眠，这有时涉及到新陈代谢速率或体温的降低。该选项曲解了原文的意思，原文并非说所有的逃离行为都涉及新陈代谢速率或体温的降低。

D. 当天气特别炎热和干燥时，动物可能会遭受一种被称为夏眠的状况，此时动物需要逃离。该选项与原文不符，夏眠是帮助动物躲避酷热和干旱的，而不是让动物遭受这种状况。